Authors/Presenters:Luca Di Bartolomeo, Hossein Moghaddas, Mathias Payer
Many thanks to USENIX for publishing their outstanding USENIX Security ’23 Presenter’s content, and the organizations strong commitment to Open Access. Originating from the conference’s events situated at the Anaheim Marriott; and via the organizations YouTube channel.
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Axio’s CRQ Included in Gartner’s 2024 Hype Cycle for Cyber-Risk Management Historically, Gartner’s Hype Cycle for Cyber Risk 2024 focused more on benchmarking and probability, but it has now increased
Read MoreThe post Gartner’s 2024 Hype Cycle for Cyber-Risk Management Focuses More on Impact appeared first on Axio.
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When we introduced Azure Attack Paths into BloodHound, they were added as a completely separate sub-graph. At no point did Active Directory (AD) and Azure connect within a BloodHound dataset. Ever since adding Azure (honestly, even before that), we’ve wanted to solve that problem. We’re so very excited to introduce the first version of what we’ve taken to calling a “hybrid path” into BloodHound!
Microsoft Entra Cloud Sync and Microsoft Entra Connect Sync allow administrators to synchronize users from on-premises AD domains up to Entra ID tenants. Additionally, administrators can choose to enable a feature called “Password Hash Synchronization”, which replicates the password hashes from the on-premises user up to its Entra ID counterpart. This allows users to authenticate to Entra/Azure resources using their on-premises AD User Principal Name (UPN) and password. This creates Attack Paths from on-premises AD to Entra ID.
As of BloodHound v5.13.0, when data is collected from an Entra ID tenant as well as an AD domain with users synced between them, BloodHound will automatically generate Hybrid Attack Paths in the graph. Conveniently named “SyncedToADUser” and “SyncedToEntraUser”, these edges indicate where two users are synchronized, which may mean control of one grants control of the other. These edges are generated utilizing the “onpremsyncenabled” and the “onpremid” properties that result from an AzureHound collection. If an Entra ID user object is described as being synced (indicated by a “True” value in the “onpremsyncenabled” field), an edge will be added between the Entra ID user and the AD user identified in the “onpremid” field.
In the below screenshots, you can see the JD Entra ID user has sync enabled with an associated Object ID of the JD AD object displayed.
The Azure User Entity Panel showing the On Prem ID The AD User Entity Panel showing the a matching Object IDTo support these changes, we’ve included several additional pre-built queries in BloodHound for potentially interesting paths for hybrid environments. After clicking on the “Open” folder on the Cypher tab, these queries are available underneath the Azure section:
Cross Platform Attack Paths in Pre-Built QueriesHere’s a set of results from our example dataset for the pre-built query named on-premises Users synced to Entra Users with Entra Admin Roles:
Pathfinding also supports Hybrid Paths, which can uncover those configurations that allow BloodHound to cross from on-prem AD to Azure or vice versa. Here, we show a path starting from anyone in the on-premises domain to Global Administrators in Entra via ADCS and synced user accounts:
Domain Users (AD) to Global Administrators (Azure)We are very excited to introduce these new edges into the product for testing and validation of hybrid environments. We are already hard at work to research and introduce additional hybrid paths, including computer object synchronization. Additionally, we are developing a capability within BloodHound Enterprise that will enable us to empirically measure the risk to our customers’ critical Tier Zero assets across these hybrid paths. We look forward to sharing more with everyone soon!
BloodHound Enterprise Attack Paths View ImprovementsTo kick off the start of the many UI improvements we have planned this year, we released an updated attack paths page for BloodHound Enterprise customers with increased readability and enhanced granularity:
New Attack Paths View in BloodHound EnterpriseFirst, we re-oriented the attack graph to a more familiar left-to-right view versus top to bottom:
This layout now clearly identifies the Tier Zero / critical asset group and states the current exposure for the domain or tenant.
A domain with 99% exposure highlighting an Active Directory Certificate Services Attack PathWe are also introducing a new attribute in this view called “Exposed Principals”. BloodHound Enterprise has always calculated this value but has previously only represented it as a percentage; now this is directly stated as a numeric value in the Attack Path view for additional clarity:
Today in BloodHound Enterprise, Attack Paths are given a severity rating based on their exposure percentage to Tier Zero:
Now we can not only report the percentage of identities and resources that have an Attack Path, but also include the raw count. This is helpful in large domains where Exposure percentage could be low (30% for example) and the count is useful to still articulate that “This Attack Path exposes Tier Zero to 35,364 principals”.
This number is included in both the Attack Path detail and the graph:
Next, we’ve included the count of findings within the header for every Attack Path:
This allows our users to understand the level of effort to help them better prioritize where to start. In this case, we have two Attack Path choke points that can be completely remediated with less effort.
The Attack Path choke points have also been given more viewable space (50% versus 30%) to make it easier to read the details and we’ve also added a button to drop the results to CSV:
You’ll also notice new helpful columns have been added to the findings details based on the type of Attack Path. For example, we’ve included the age of the password in the “Kerberoastable Users” findings as an indication of which passwords maybe easier to crack:
Introducing Dark Mode for BloodHoundDark mode is now in early access for both BloodHound Community Edition and BloodHound Enterprise:
ADCS Attack Paths in sweet, sweet darkness Hybrid Attack Paths atDark mode can be enabled / disabled through the settings cog on the upper right-hand side of the product (after enabling in Early Access):
For our Enterprise customers, this new theme applies to all portions of the product:
Dark mode in Attack Paths view in BloodHound Enterprise Dark mode in detailed remediation in BloodHound Enterprise Domain security posture over time in dark mode in BloodHound EnterpriseWe also standardized our light theme across the product to be more consistent and set up the introduction of other themes in the future. Try it now to remove some of that eye strain and let us know your thoughts!
Going to BlackHat next week? Check out all the updates in person at our booth (#2600) or come hang out with us and a ton of other amazing industry folks at our bowling party on Wednesday evening: https://events.humanitix.com/specterops-black-hat-happy-hour-at-brooklyn-bowl
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